John Proctor as a Tragic Hero in The Crucible - 850 Words

McAlister 1 Kyle McAlister Ms. Holder Comp Eng Honors 11 11/1/13 The Tragedy of John Proctor In the play by Arthur Miller The Crucible, the town of Salem is in pandemonium under the non-existent threat of witchcraft. Every character is either lying to save their lives or to end others, or dying for not admitting to a lie. One character who stands out among the chaotic conflagration is the tragic hero John Proctor. In Greek drama, a tragic hero is defined as â€Å"a great or virtuous character in a dramatic tragedy that is destined for downfall, suffering, or defeat.† No character in The Crucible fits this description better than John Proctor. John Proctor is the tragic hero in The Crucible because of his strengths and notable traits,†¦show more content†¦Arthur Miller also conveys through John Proctor that it is acceptable to stand up to unjust authority. These traits that the character John Proctor possesses are what qualify him to be a tragic hero. A tragic hero must have tragic flaws as well, which John Proctor does not have a lack of. It is arguable that his affair with Abigail Williams is the root of the witch trials. He tries to fix it by attempting to silence her. â€Å"Abby, I may think of you softly from time to time. But I will cut off my hand before I’ll ever reach for you again. Wipe it out of mind. We never touched, Abby† (Miller 15.) This affair he has with Abigail is an extremely deadly flaw. Abigail starts all of the witch paranoia because of her desire to get rid of Elizabeth Proctor because she falls in love with John. When John discharges her from his home and his life, she goes on a blood buzz for Elizabeth and the rest of Salem, causing the entire tragedy of the witch trials. A broader point that Miller depicts through the effect the affair has is all of the damage that lying and unfaithfulness causes. McAlister 3 Another tragic flaw that, like most tragic heroes in Greek drama, John Proctor exhibits is pride. Proctor has the choice between life and death on pen and paper, to sign his name means life, to refuse means death. â€Å"Because it is my name! Because I cannot have another in my life! Because I lie and sign myself to lies! BecauseShow MoreRelatedCrucible John Proctor Tragic Hero935 Words   |  4 Pages John Proctor â€Å"Tragic Hero†? I believe that John Proctor is the tragic hero in the play â€Å"The Crucible.† I feel that his tragic flaw is the reason he became the tragic hero. He was trying to win back the trust of his wife and to do this he became the hero. By showing he was a good and decent person, this exemplifies he is a tragic hero. I see to prove his love and dedication to Elizabeth that John would do anything she told him to, in a way toRead More John Proctor is a Tragic Hero in The Crucible Essay863 Words   |  4 Pages John Proctor: A Tragic Hero A tragic hero is a literary character who makes an error of judgment or has a fatal flaw that, combined with fate and external forces, brings on a tragedy. In the play, The Crucible, Arthur Miller portrays John Proctor, the protagonist, as a tragic hero who has a major flaw—lust for Abigail, his teenage house servant. For fear of being exiled in a town where reputation is highly upheld, Proctor initially tries to hide his crime of adultery, but thisRead MoreHow Is John Proctor A Tragic Hero In The Crucible1020 Words   |  5 Pages A tragic hero is someone of once noble stature brought down by his own flaw, a defect or strength that becomes a weakness, this applies to the character John Proctor. John Proctor became a tragic hero when his power and respect he had was the reason he died in The Crucible. John got his power from his name which was highly looked upon and he destroyed it when he made multiple mistakes over a year that ends getting him hung. To begin, John’s power was challenged when Abigail found outRead More John Proctor is a Tragic Hero in The Crucible by Arthur Miller688 Words   |  3 Pages Since the times of the ancient Greeks, tragic heroes have been used to enhance the meaning of a play or literary work. Any character cannot be described as tragic hero. Several key characteristics are necessary for the tragic hero to possess in order to be characterized as such. He must be high-ranked or have a high standing in the community. He must have a weakness or a tragic flaw and be involved in a struggle. In the end, that struggle will lead to his downfall. Arthur Miller purposely incorporatesRead MoreJohn Proctor as Tragic Hero of Arthur Millers The Crucible Essay798 Words   |  4 PagesJohn Proctor as Tragic Hero of Arthur Millers The Crucible In the play, The Crucible, by Arthur Miller, John Proctor fits the classic Greek definition of a tragic hero.   Aristotle, one of the great Greek philosophers, teachers and writers, stated that one of the most important aspects of a tragedy was the tragic hero.   He defined a tragic hero as a noble person that goes from a state of fortune and happiness to a state of utter misery.   The character’s tragic flaw causes this changeRead MoreThe True Tragic Hero: The Crucible’s John Proctor Essay1044 Words   |  5 PagesThe true tragic hero: The Crucible’s John Proctor A tragic hero is a noble man who commits a fatal flaw. The hero’s downfall is a result of their choices which leads to a punishment that exceeds the crime. â€Å"The difference between Proctor and Willy Loman is enormous; the former is the rather typical tragic hero who is defiant to the end, the latter is trapped in submission and is living a lie† (McGill 4). John Proctor is one of the main characters in The Crucible. he is married to Elizabeth ProctorRead MoreArthur Miller s The Crucible Essay1194 Words   |  5 PagesMiller’s The Crucible, the normal criteria that a central character fits, is not met by the apparent protagonist, John Proctor. Common traits one might expect to find in a traditional hero are humility, patience and caring. John Proctor, while he is the principal, has many qualities that could instead assume him the role of the antagonist and land him in the adversary box. His background and slight character flaws cause him to take on the perso nalities of both a protagonist and antagonist. Proctor, becauseRead MoreArthur Miller s The Crucible1191 Words   |  5 PagesMiller’s The Crucible, the normal criteria that a central character fits, is not met by the protagonist, John Proctor. Common traits one might expect to find in a traditional hero are humility, patience and caring. John Proctor, while he is the principal, has many qualities that could instead assume him the role of the antagonist and land him in the adversary box. His background and slight character flaws cause him to take on the the personalities of both a protagonist and antagonist. Proctor, becauseRead MoreExamples Of John Proctor In The Crucible985 Words   |  4 Pages John Proctor; Tragic Hero or Ordinary Joe Plays have been used as a method of storytelling and form of entertainment for hundreds of years. A tragedy is one type of play where the audience pities the characters and fear the same consequences that the characters face. In addition, tragedies often include a tragic hero who has a tragic flaw causing his or her downfall. One example of a play that is a tragedy and includes a tragic hero is the The Crucible. John Proctor in The Crucible is a true tragicRead MoreThe Tragic Hero of The Crucible by Arthur Miller Essay1396 Words   |  6 PagesThe Tragic Hero of The Crucible    A tragedy should bring fear and pity to the reader. A man in this tragedy should not be exceptionally righteous, but his faults should come about because of a certain irreversible error on his part. This man should find a bad or fatal ending to add to the tragedy of the story, for this man in the tragic hero. The protagonist John Proctor portrays a tragic hero in The Crucible; his hamartia of adultery causes great internal struggles, he displays hubris by

Sales and Marketing Hell Pizza Report Free Essays

Table of Contents 1. 0 Introduction(Mila)3 2. 0 Overview (Mila)5 3. We will write a custom essay sample on Sales and Marketing Hell Pizza Report or any similar topic only for you Order Now 0 Marketing strategy (Mila)6 4. 0 Environmental scan. (Tina)7 4. 1 Demographic7 4. 2 Economic Factors7 4. 3 Global Environment8 4. 4 Natural8 4. 5 Technological Factors9 4. 6 Political Environment:10 4. 7 Sociocultural Environment10 4. 7. 1 Social responsibilities10 4. 7. 2 Demographical shift11 4. 7. 3 Shift in public conception11 4. 7. 4 Social Events11 5. 0 Competitive analysis. (Tina)12 5. 1 Competitors12 5. 2 Points of Difference12 5. 3 Position in the Market13 5. 4 Future competitors13 6. Market segmentation, target marketing and positioning (Mila)14 6. 1 Geographic segmentation14 6. 2 Demographic segmentation15 6. 3 Behavioural segmentation20 6. 8 Positioning Map: (Tina)21 7. 0 Product Strategy (Mila)23 8. 0 Price Strategy (Mila)25 9. 0 DISTRIBUTION STRATEGY (Mila)27 10. 0 COMMUNICATION STRATEGY (Mila)28 10. 1 Mass communicated advertising in common with targeted communication28 10. 2 In-store communication29 11. 0 WEBSITE EVALUATION. (Tina)31 11. 0 Website evaluation31 11. 1 Technical aspect31 11. 2 User friendliness31 11. 2. 1 Ease of navigation31 11. 2. 2 Ease of contact31 11. Site attractiveness32 11. 4 Marketing effectiveness32 11. 5 Legal compliances32 12. 0 STRATEGY ASSESSMENT (Tina)33 Reference35 1. 0 Introduction(Mila) This report has been compiled to gain an understanding of marketing strategy of Hell Pizza chain operator based in New Zealand. The company operates through 65 outlets in New Zealand and franchised in Britain, Canada, India, Korea and Australia (Restaurant and Food Services Industry in New Zealand, 2012). In this report only New Zealand’s marketplace will be reviewed and contains the analysis of Hell Pizza’s most successful marketing practices. Eight research objectives have also been reviewed: †¢ environmental scan †¢ competitive analysis †¢ market segmentation †¢ targeting and positioning †¢ product strategy †¢ pricing strategy †¢ distribution strategy †¢ communication strategy †¢ website evaluation Mainly secondary research data has been used to compile this report and personal communication as a primary research data has been marginally used to justify some statements. Method for secondary research: – Statistics New Zealand is operated by the government and is a New Zealand national statistical office. Roy Morgan Research is an international market research company. In this report data is used identify profile of adult consumers and percentage of the adult population (14 years and over) who visited Hell Pizza, Pizza Hutt and Dominos in the last 4 weeks for market segmentation and competitive analyses. 2. 0 Overview (Mila) Hell Pizza is a pizza chain operator based in N ew Zealand and headquartered in Wellington. It was first established in 1996 at the Kelburn squash club and serving university students, and until now Wellington remains the strongest territory of Hell in New Zealand. Current menu items offered include standard pizzas, gourmet pizzas, desert pizzas, pastas, salads, sides, dips, and beverages (Restaurant and Food Services Industry in New Zealand, 2012). Hell Pizza provides dine in, pickup and delivery service options. The company was sold to Tasman Pacific Foods in 2006, and then bought back in 2009 by directors Stu McMullin, Callum Davies and Warren Powell; two years later Warren Powell sold his shares claiming that sales are plummeting (Rogers, 2012; Hurley, 2011). Today Hell has franchise outlets in countries such as Korea, India, Australia, New Zealand, Canada, Britain and a total 65 shops in New Zealand (Restaurant and Food Services Industry in New Zealand, 2012). The Company takes 50,000 to 60,000 orders a month. Out of total orders 40 to 50 per cent of its New Zealand business is delivery orders; the busiest store is Hell Pizza on Cuba Street in Wellington (Rogers, 2012). 3. 0 Marketing strategy (Mila) Even though Hell Pizza Company does not have any clear formal mission statement, it can be spotted through relative available information about the company. Strong brand awareness, controversial promotional activity, good service and quality innovative pizzas – are the components being valued by the company throughout the process of business expansion. â€Å"Our strategy has always been to be noisy in the market† (McMullin, as cited in Rogers, 2012). The company’s mission has been to tempt people into the experience without talking about price in a price-driven saturated marketplace (Medcalf, 2005b). Mainstream world of pizza was found boring by the group of young founders therefore their vision was to create a fun, hard-core, elastic brand and use every opportunity to get people talking (Boyles, 2005). The foundation of the company however was built on producing â€Å"Hell specific† (Stu, as cited in Boyles, 2005, para. 10) high quality food. Davies (as cited in Allen,2004) stresses that even though the pizza market is very competitive, Hell Pizza remains focused on quality and had never competed solely on price (Davies, as cited in Allen, 2004). According to McMillan (2005), Hell Pizza is consistent in providing â€Å"really good pizza† and it is that focus that made the franchise successful (McMillan, as cited in Medcalf, 2005a, para. 21). Technology is seen by the director Stu McMullin as a point of difference for the company, a â€Å"policy that has not let him down† (Start Up, 2012, para. 2; Medcalf, 2005). Hell Pizza was the first food delivery used mobile ETPOS and also the first online pizza ordering system in New Zealand (Start Up, 2012; Medcalf, 2005a). Hell Pizza grew explosively (from 14 shops in 2003 to 33 in 2005) and opened its first restaurant in London, UK in 2007, followed by a store in Brisbane, Australia in 2008 and by today also locating stores in Canada, Korea and India (Franchiseek New Zealand, n. d. ). 4. 0 Environmental scan. (Tina) Constantly changing marketing environment consists of the different forces that affect the marketing management ability to develop and maintain successful transactions with its target customers (Kotler, Bowen Makens, 2010). According to Kotler et al (2010a), these forces can either be negative or positive, and it is up to the company to continuously adapt to the changes, in order to survive and thrive. The marketing environment consists of a microenvironment, and a macroevnironment. The microenvironment refers to all factors which will directly impact the day-to-day business and the company itself, such as the suppliers and customers (Kotler et al, 2010a). The macroenvironment, according to Kotler et al (2010a), consists of all the forces which affect the company, providing it with both opportunities and threats. The seven major forces which influence the marketing strategies and plans of Hell Pizza will be examined in this section: demographic, economical, global, natural, technological, political and social. 4. 1 Demographic Although Hell Pizza has a diverse market, their custom base comprises of consumers in the age group of 20 to 39 years old, who were also found to be open to the use of technology (Medcalf, 2005b). 4. 2 Economic Factors New Zealand has been in a recession since early 2008, which took a turn for the worse when the global financial crisis hit in September the following year (The Treasury, 2012). However, the economy has begun to pick up, which was possibly due to the Rugby World Cup and increased exports (The Treasury, 2012). According to Davies (personal communication, 15 August, 2012), the economic downturn had little effect on Hell Pizza, as people are more likely to stay at home and order takeout, as opposed to dining out in a restaurant. This is confirmed by a survey by Statistic New Zealand, (2010), which showed on average 8. 4% increase in takeaway food sales from 2009 to 2010. 4. 3 Global Environment Hell’s Pizza has become a multinational operation, in an effort to achieve one of its visions – â€Å"Global Domination† (Hell Pizza, n. d. ). In addition to New Zealand, Hell Pizza also have shops in India, Canada, Great Britain, Australia and several other countries (Hell Pizza, n. d. ). In countries such as India, United Kingdom and South Korea, their population density is significantly higher than that of New Zealand; therefore each shop they open will be exposed to exponentially greater amount of people. However, opening up shops overseas also means that Hell Pizza has to adapt to the local culture. For example, in South Korean, Hell Pizza had to cut their menu down to just 11 items for the South Koreans, as well as alter the brand attitude slightly. Whereas New Zealanders can relate to the laid-back personality with Hell Pizza, Koreans are not as comfortable with such informality (Rogers, 2012). Another example which demonstrates the effect of different cultures on a business is Hell Pizza in India, where they had to offer greater variety of vegetarian pizzas, in order to fit into to the local customs (Rogers, 2012). . 4 Natural As the world become more concerned about the pollutions around the globe, consumers are beginning to demand businesses to become more environmentally friendly (Kotler et al, 2010a). Unsustainable energy sources such as oil and coal are fast running out, leading to an increase in the transportation cost across the production chain, and thereby increasing the final food prices (Kotler et al, 2010a). While Hell Pizza recycles where they can, and try to be as environmentally friendly as possible, Davies (personal communication, August 15, 2012) admits that these efforts have to take into account the cost effectiveness and profitability of these measures. 4. 5 Technological Factors A survey by the Statistics New Zealand (2009b) demonstrates the importance of websites; 43% of people interviewed in 2009 have purchased online in the last 12 months, as opposed to just 29% in 2006. Technology such as online ordering systems which enable the consumers to service themselves can replace some of the labour intensive jobs (Reid Bojanic, 2006). The shift from telephone ordering to online ordering means that staffs that were previously tied up with answering the phone is now freed to assist with production. This allows for more efficient use of labour, thus reducing the labour cost. The newest technology war is on smartphones. A survey conducted in 2010 has found that 33% of all people interviewed said they access retail websites through their cell phone (Arellano, 2011). Currently, Hell Pizza has an iPhone application, where the user can place orders (iTunes, 2012). However, users on other systems such as Android and Windows are left out (iTunes, 2012). If Hell Pizza can reach those users, they would really be taking good advantage of the smartphone technology. 4. 6 Political Environment: All businesses are regulated by the government legislations and laws, which makes up the political environment (Kotler et al, 2010a). Some of the regulations and legislations which the hospitality industry in particular must abide by regarding the consumers include Food Hygiene Regulations 1974, Food Act 1981 and amendments 1996. As for the employees, there are the Health and safety in Employment Act 1992 and subsequent amendments 2002, and Occupational Health and Safety regulations. Any additional laws could affect the operation of Hell Pizza. For example, the Food Industry Group is working on changing New Zealand’s system of nutrition information on food labelling, to one which would be more informative and clear (Food Industry Group welcomes Australian approach to nutritional labelling, 2011). If this goes through, Hell Pizza would have to change their existing nutritional traffic light system to the new one. However, Hell Pizza has made sure to state on their website that any political changes which affect their ability to deliver their promised service is outside the company’s control, therefore they cannot be held accountable (Hell Pizza, n. d. ). 4. 7 Sociocultural Environment The social environment is continuously evolving, as it is shaped by the perception and behaviour of the consumers. The consumers in turn, are constantly being influenced by the changes in the other major forces in the macroenvironment (Reid Bojanic, 2006). 4. 7. 1 Social responsibilities The population as a whole has also become more conscious of the environment and social ethics (Kotler et al, 2010). According to the funder of Hell Pizza Callum Davies (personal communication, August 15, 2012), his company contribute to various charity organisations, and does their best to buy from local businesses, thereby backing the New Zealand economy. An example was when Hell Pizza donated all the revenue they made in their shops on 16th of March, 2011, to the Christchurch Earthquake Relief (Scragg, 2001). 4. 7. 2 Demographical shift The NZ demographic has evolved over the past decade. For example, the Asian population has grown by 66% since 2011 (Statistics New Zealand, 2011; Statistics New Zealand, 2012). Also, as the regular customers continue to grow older, the target market of Hell’s Pizza evolves as well. 4. 7. 3 Shift in public conception The public has become more health conscious; in response Hell Pizza has developed a traffic light system which allows the consumers to see which pizzas are healthier than others, thus making an informed decision about what they eat (Laws, 2012). . 7. 4 Social Events Social events can also have a big impact on businesses. For example, when the Rugby World Cup was hosted in New Zealand, it was a great opportunity for Hell’s Pizza to promote its products to foreigners, especially those who have Hell’s Pizza in their home country. During this time, a competition was held where people were encouraged to take a picture with celebrities with a Hell Pizza Fis t drink holder (http://www. facebook. com/photo. php? pid=7627413l=b968e46e75id=p43522837224). 5. 0 Competitive analysis. Tina) Every business faces its own set of competitors, and it must recognise these competitors in order to change its marketing strategies accordingly (Kotler et al, 2010a). Competitors can be categorised into four levels. First level is businesses which offer comparable core products. Second level is those serving matching level of product. The third level is companies which offer the same service. Lastly, the fourth level is anyone who is competing for the same consumer dollar, including the consumers themselves (Kotler et al, 2010a). For the purpose of this report, only direct competitors who are on the first level are analysed, as it is difficult to measure the exact impact of all other indirect competitors. 5. 1 Competitors Hell Pizza is a franchise, so other pizza chains such as Domino’s and Pizza Hut are all considered its direct competitors. Although publicly, the business claims they are not competing against budget pizza chains (Janes, 2009), their custom bases still overlaps, Hell Pizza’s product is gourmet pizzas, therefore its New Zealand competitor s also extend to businesses such as Sal’s Authentic New York Pizza, Non-Solo Pizza, and La Porchetta. Points of Difference 1) Innovative and controversial marketing campaign Not only can the customers easily identify the distinctive Hell theme, its marketing strategies have established its brand as more than just an image; it has taken on its own personality (Medcalf, 2005b). 2) Quality Quality of food, healthy toppings, food hygiene and the offering of greater variety than the traditional varieties all differentiates Hell Pizza from its competitors (personal communication; Medcalf, 2005b). 3) Traffic light system As mentioned earlier, Hell Pizza has recently developed a health traffic light system, which not many of their competitors have done (Laws, 2012). 5. 3 Position in the Market Despite these competitive edges, Hell Pizza is still behind pizza giants such as Domino’s and Pizza Hut. A survey has found that among those who visited Hell Pizza, Pizza Hut and Domino’s Pizza in the last four weeks in 2010, out of those who are ages 18 and over, Hell Pizza was the least visited store with only 13. 80%, whereas Domino’s and Pizza Hut showed 27. 5% and 20. 10% respectively (Fast food places visited in last four weeks, 2010). . 4 Future competitors The food industry is one which has a low entry barrier, as well as a low exit barrier (Kotler et al, 2010a). However, as Sharma and Gadenne (2010) found in their study, businesses that differentiate itself from its competition through quality are more likely to maintain their market share, as opposed to businesses with low pricing strategy. Hell Pizza is therefore more likely to secure their position in the market against new entrants than other budget companies. 6. 0 Market segmentation, target marketing and positioning (Mila) Most companies segment a market by two or more demographic, geographic, psychographic and behaviouristic variables, however there is no single way to segment a market (Kotler, Brown, Burton, Deans, Armstrong, 2010b). 6. 1 Geographic segmentation New Zealand’s population is highly urbanized where Auckland region accounted for  about one-third  of New Zealand’s estimated resident population and remains a second fastest growing main urban area and Wellington remains the third largest area with 386,000, closely behind Canterbury (Statistic New Zealand, 2009a). However, this has changed since the Christchurch earthquake, which caused an estimated number of 8900 people to leave the area. (Newell, Beaven, Johnston, 2012). In New Zealand Hell Pizza operates 65 outlets in 16 towns and cities. Significantly more branches are in Auckland region 25, followed by 14 brunches which are located in Wellington region (Statistic New Zealand, 2009a). The correlation between the number of Hell Pizza outlets and the population distribution can be seen from Image 1 and 2. [pic] [pic] 6. 2 Demographic segmentation Tables 1,2,3,4 and 5 are the information data retrieved from Roy Morgan and variables by which demographic profile of the market segmentation was identified. Generation It can be seen from the table 1 below, that out of those who visited Hell Pizza outlets Generation Y made up the most of those who visited, followed by Generation X and Z. Table 1. Percentage of the generation of adult population (14 years and over) who visited Hell Pizza in the past 4 weeks for the period from August 2009 – July 2010. [pic] Source: Roy Morgan New Zealand Ltd, 2010. Reprinted with permission Sex Data, retrieved from Roy Morgan Single source (table 2), shows that there were slightly more male visited Hell Pizza in the past 4 weeks than female, with 17,1% and 12,2% respectively. Table 2. Percentage of make and female of adult population (14 years and over) who visited Hell Pizza in the past 4 weeks for the period from August 2009 – July 2010. [pic] Source: Roy Morgan New Zealand Ltd, 2010. Reprinted with permission Ethnic Group From data derived from Roy Morgan, table 2, it was found that out of those who visited Hell Pizza in the past 4 week European population made up a significantly larger portion of those who visited. Table 3. Percentage of male and female of adult population (14 years and over) who visited Hell Pizza in the past 4 weeks for the period from August 2009 – July 2010. [pic] Source: Roy Morgan New Zealand Ltd, 2010. Reprinted with permission Weekly household expenditure As it can be seen from the table 4 below, out of those respondents who visited Hell Pizza in the past 4 weeks, most of those have an average weekly living and household expenditure $1000 and over, followed by those who spends $800-$899on all living and household in an average week. Table 4. Percentage of how much does your family spend on all living and household expenses in an average week (dollars) of adult population (14 years and over) who visited Hell Pizza in the past 4 weeks for the period from August 2009 – July 2010. [pic] Source: Roy Morgan New Zealand Ltd, 2010. Reprinted with permission Occupation As can be seen from the table 5 below, out of those who visited Hell Pizza in the past 4 weeks, the majority of them works full time, out of this majority, most are white collared workers. Table 5. Percentage of occupation of adult population (14 years and over) who visited Hell Pizza in the past 4 weeks for the period from August 2009 – July 2010. [pic] Source: Roy Morgan New Zealand Ltd, 2010. Reprinted with permission Therefore, based to Roy Morgan data, an average visitor to Hell Pizza store representing a demographic segment in New Zealand would most likely be a white collared European male or female of Generation Y or X, with an average weekly living and household expenditure from $800 and over. Georgaphically, Hell Pizza mainly segments Auckland and Wellington as to larger markets. . 3 Behavioural segmentation Occasion segmentation Hell Pizza offers gourmet catering â€Å"to everyone’s desires† (Hell Catering, n. d. ). Hell Pizza is suitable for themed parties such as Halloween, conferences and other occasions. Benefits segmentation Hell Pizza offers a wide range of meal options for those who is: †¢ gluten free †¢ vegetarian †¢ â€Å" HELLthier† option meal. 6. 8 Positioning Map: (Tina) Brands are rated together against each other similarity or dissimilarity which results in a multidimensional map identifying factors that discriminate between brands (Kotler et al, 2010b). Below is the two-dimensional map of Hell Pizza and its main direct competitors in New Zealand – Pizza Hut and Domino, based on online research. High According to Hell Pizza’s menu (2012b), in addition to the standard pizzas, gourmet pizzas, desert pizzas, pastas, sides, and dips, customers can also decide their choice of salads and chilli. This choice is unique to Hell Pizza, differentiating it from its competitors. Compared with Hell Pizza and Pizza Hut, Domino’s Pizza offer more varieties of pizzas and crusts. While their prices are lower on average, the surcharges they put on the additional options such as cheesy crusts are higher than Hell Pizza and Pizza Hut (Domino’s Pizza, 2012). Pizza Hut offers less variety across most product categories, and is slightly more expensive than Domino’s Pizza, but still much cheaper than Hell’s Pizza. The differentiating point for Pizza Hut is that it offers greater variety of Mia Pizza (snack pizza) than the other two pizza shops (Pizza Hut, 2012). 7. 0 Product Strategy (Mila) Hell Pizza’s product analysis will be based on the theory from Kotler et al (2010b). Product is anything that can be offered to a market for attention, acquisition, use or consumption that might satisfy a want or need (Kotler et al, 2010a, p. 298). Kotler et al (2010a) suggest that product should be viewed in three levels: Core Product: What is the core benefit your product offers? Actual Product: a quality level, features, styling, brand name packaging Augmented product: additional consumer services and benefits. Therefore, Hell Pizza’s: Core product – gourmet pizza Actual product –consistent, high quality pizza (Medcalf, 2005), supported by a strong brand personality (evil and sinful image is present in the menu), featured with original packaging (as shown in image 3 below). Augmented product – Hell Pizza benefits its consumers with a choice for those who are gluten free, vegetarian or those who prefer HELLthier option meals. Personal selling in Hell Pizza can also be referred to an intangible augmented product as an important part of a hospitality product. [pic] Retrieved from: http://www. facebook. com/hellpizza Product life cycle stage According to the available information Hell Pizza’s PLC appears to be at Growth stage, which is a period of great market acceptance and increasing profits (Kotler etal, 2010b). Information below points out to the company’s prosperity. – Since it was established in 1996, Hell Pizza grew explosively from 14 shops in 2003 to 33 in 2005, and accounts 65 outlets in New Zealand today( reference). – Sales revenue increased from $1. 2 million to $55 million between 2002 and 2006 (stuff. o. nz, 2008). – April, 2012 New Zealand Herald described Hell Pizza as a third biggest player on the market ( New Zealand Herald, 2012) – Hell Pizza established franchises in Korea and India in 2011 (Rogers, 2012). 8. 0 Price Strategy (Mila) Kotler et al, (2010b) suggests that company’s pricing decisions are affected by internal factors: company’s marketing objectives, marketing mix strategy, costs and organisation; and external factors: the nature of the market demand, competition and other environmental factors. There are five general pricing approaches which a company combines when setting their prices: cost- based approach (additional mark-up to the cost), value-based approach (prices are based on buyers perceived value), competition based approach (prices are largely based on competitor’s prices) and performance-based pricing (seller is paid on the basis of performance of the offer) (Kotler et al, 2010b). – Hell Pizza charges $17. 50 for a 12. 5 inches (double) Pizza and $8. 50 for a 7. 5 pizza (snack), with an additional options for thin bas $2 or gluten free base $3. Hell Pizza is focused on quality and had never competed solely on price (Allen, 2004). Hell Pizza charges higher price compared to its direct competitors Pizza Hut and Dominos to cover the high product quality (Hell Pizza, 2012; Domino’s Pizza, 2012; Pizza Hut, 2012). Therefore: – Externally Hell Pizza operates under monopolistic competition markets, where buyers and sellers, who trade over a ran ge of prices, which occurs because sellers differentiate their offers (Kotler et al, 2010b). – Quality leadership is one of and an apparent internal marketing approaches for Hell Pizza. Hell Pizza uses a combined cost based – value based general pricing approach There are also different price – adjustments strategies (such as discount pricing allowances, segmented pricing, psychological pricing, promotional pricing, value pricing, geographical and international pricing) , that companies use to account for different customers and situations (Kotler et al, 2010b) – Hell Pizza regulary applies promotional pricing (attracts customers or rewards loyal customers, (Kotler et al, 2010b). – Geographical and international pricing is also present (Korea, India) – Psychological. For example, the misfortune cookies advertisement promoted six cookies for $2. 50 (http://www. facebook. com/hellpizza); it is priced as such so that consumers cannot easily calculate and compare the price of each individual cookies. 9. 0 DISTRIBUTION STRATEGY (Mila) Distribution system for Hell Pizza is direct marketing, which means that there are no intermediaries involved. Hell Pizza distributes in 16 cities and towns in New Zealand. The company locates most of its branches in Auckland and Wellington – cities with the highest numbers of the country’s population, with 25 and 14 branches respectively. Hell Pizza uses four methods of selling its products directly to the market: – Dine in or take away option. Customers can go to the nearest Hell Pizza, place an order and either eat at the restaurant or leave with the order – Order online. Domestic customers can place the order online, and either picks up the pizza or get it delivered. – iPhone application. Fast and mobile option to order a pizza for either pick up or delivery for those who own an iPhone. Convenient for ordering if the only internet access you have is through the phone. – Home and office delivery. Customers can place orders either via the phone, online or an iPhone. 0. 0 COMMUNICATION STRATEGY (Mila) Depending on whether Hell Pizza wants to inform, remain or persuade its audience, company uses various integrated marketing communication (IMC) tools and technologies. Integrated marketing communications include adverting, personal selling, sales promotion, online and direct marketing and enti tle coordinating organisation’s promotional efforts (Kotler et al, 2010b). 10. 1 Mass communicated advertising in common with targeted communication This is where customers’ self-select the message or product involved and those are tailored to suit various market segments. – Public relations. In order to build or reinforce corporate image, handle or head off unfavourable rumours, events or stories. According to the Advertising Standards Authority Hell Pizza finds controversy as a way of generating publicity (as cited in Lord 2012). Overall the company has produced the most complained-about advertisings, including mailed out condoms to promote its â€Å"Lust† meat pizza, attracting a record of 685 complaints to the Advertising Standards Authority in 2006 (Boyles, 2005). – Pay-Tv commercials, â€Å"Pizza Roulette†, â€Å"Sides† and â€Å"Quarn† advertisings on TVNZ’s channel (Hell Pizza, 2012). – Radio advertising. Numerous times Letterbox drops. Mailed out condoms to promote its â€Å"Lust† meat pizza. – Billboards. Such as a billboard with the advertising of cross buns with a slogan â€Å"For a limited time. A bit like Jesus. † (Hell Pizza, 2011). – Telephone directories. Yellow pages – So cial Media. Hell Pizza actively engaged with their customers through social network Facebook and Twitter, with over 49,000 likes and 5,000 followers respectively (personal research, as at 18th of September, 2012). – Mobile advertising. Such as an old 1970’s hearses Cadillac with the inscription â€Å"The Quickest Way to Hell†, painted down the side with their Web address. 970’s police cars, with police lights and sirens â€Å"To Protect and Serve Damned Tasty Pizza†, they also have mini coopers, beach buggies and three wheel scooters they use to deliver pizza, painted with their logo (PIZZA MAGAZINE REF). – Interactive YouTube’s â€Å"Deliver me to Hell† game has also been very popular in NZ and very successful overseas, such as the company even sponsored zombie shows in the United States and South America. Furthermore iPhone’ application,  had over 5,000 downloads in the first month, and that is without even the compa ny promoting its release. 0. 2 In-store communication – Personal selling. Personal interaction between Hell Pizza and their customer happen either when customer places the order or dines-in the restaurant, through the phone or when delivery happens. – Point of purchase promotions. Posters and the communication from personal selling. – Merchandising. Company merchandise such products as T-shirts with such slogans as â€Å"eat me†, and â€Å"providing oral pleasure since 1996†, beanies, boxer shorts and other stuff with company’s logo on it (Boyles, 2005). 10. Sales Promotions is a strong tool used in conjunction with advertising in order to create awareness or change a value for money perception (Kotler et al, 2010b). Hell Pizza’s sales promotions include: – Money-off deals – Redeemable coupons. For example $1 for a double or gourmet pizza from Hell in Christchurch, where 9718 was bought (Treat Me, n. d. ) – Discou nt vouchers, such as those on Vouchermate (2009). – Premium offers (free delivery on Tuesdays – Contests and games of chance and skill. Pizza Roulette included Facebook competition where people uploaded videos of themselves playing the game. Another competition was during the Rugby World Cup, included to stalk celebrities with the fist and take a picture of them (http://www. facebook. com/photo. php? pid=7627413l=b968e46e75id=p43522837224). – Event Sponsorship (Kapiti sports clubs) – Fundraising ( Hell Pizza Northland Hell Pizza Northland, are giving some money to the Karoriri Pirates swimming club  to help with  fundraising) – Charity, such as the donation Hell Pizza offered to the Christchurch Earthquake Relief as mentioned earlier (Scragg, 2001). 11. 0 WEBSITE EVALUATION. (Tina) 11. 0 Website evaluation Hell’s Pizza website is designed by Inject Design, who specialise in projects which are unique and creative (Inject Design, 2011). In order to evaluate the website thoroughly, five categories will be examined: technical aspect, user friendliness, site attractiveness, marketing effectiveness, and legal compliances (Morrison, Taylor Douglas, 2004). 11. 1 Technical aspect The website is accessible through all the widely used browsers, such as Firefox, Google Chrome, Internet Explorer, and it also has a mobile version which allows access for smart phone users. The time it takes to load each webpages is never more than a few seconds, which is acceptable. There are no spelling mistakes identified. 11. 2 User friendliness 11. 2. 1 Ease of navigation The website is simple and straight forward; therefor it is easy to navigate around, with a home button on every webpage. However, perhaps because the web designer assumed web users would have no problem getting around, there is no sitemap or search engine. 11. 2. 2 Ease of contact There is only one email address available: feedback@hell. co. z and it is displayed at the bottom of every page, along with their 0800 number. Therefore anyone who wants to contact the headquarters of Hell’s Pizza for any enquiries unrelated to feedbacks may search all over the page before realising that is the only email address. For all other contact information, users must first choose a region, then the stores, before gaining access to the contact phone number, address, and opening hours. 11. 3 Site attractive ness The overall colour scheme is white and some red text on black background, which makes it easy to read while maintaining visually appealing. The pages are uncluttered and clean; the background pictures keeps to the theme of Hell, and are all on the top, bottom and sides of the page, acting as a frame which guides the eyes to the middle. Overall, the website is appealing and clear. 11. 4 Marketing effectiveness Current promotions and discounts, most of which contain links to their own promotional videos, are displayed on the homepage, as well as an additional ‘Promotions’ page. The marketing position is clear throughout every page, and keeping to the same theme. However, the website does not tangiblise heir products; there are no pictures of their pizzas or stores, making it hard for users to visualise the actual products. 11. 5 Legal compliances In the ‘About’ section, there is a ‘Privacy’ page as well as a ‘Terms and Conditions’ page, which displays information such as how they collect information, Consumer Guarantees Act, payment policy, and liabilities. These explain clearly how the business protects themselves as well as the customers, which can provide reassurance for the customers. 12. 0 STRATEGY ASSESSMENT (Tina) Hell Pizza has relatively strong position in domestic market. Elements such as Increase in revenue, franchise extension and the launch of the new iPhone application indicate that product is still at it Growth stage for Hell Pizza. Aggressive branding and advertising in common with consistent product quality are the core strategies for Hell Pizza and is affected by the many external factors such as the surrounding environment and competitors, and determined by their market segmentation and position. Hell Pizza positions itself as a gourmet pizza store, and differentiates itself from competitors through quality, and not price. Hell Pizza offers the most expensive product, compared to its main competitors, as well as the best service and mainly targets to those of Generation Y or X, with an average weekly living and household expenditure $800 and over. While it does not compromise its quality through price, Hell Pizza often runs various promotions and competition, such as the ‘Celebrity fisting’ (http://www. facebook. com/photo. php? pid=7627413l=b968e46e75id=p43522837243) mentioned earlier. Hell Pizza uses various integrated marketing tools and technologies, which include mass communicated advertising and in-store communication. Although these are the most complained-about advertisement (Rogers 2012), they also generate much publicity, which raises public awareness. All these communication strategies keep to the theme of Hell and the company’s fun image, while appealing to their target market. As a result, the company is able to send consistent messages to its customers, which are distinctive and unique to the company, thereby differentiating itself from their many direct competitors. Overall, the marketing strategy of Hell Pizza is strong and innovative. Reference Allen, S. (2004, Dec 24). Hell pizza franchise extends its horizons. Dominion Post, pp. -B; 9. Retrieved from http://ezproxy. aut. ac. nz/login? url=http://search. proquest. com/docview/338145934? accountid=8440 Arellano, J. (2011). Mobile shopping increases. Rural Telecommunications, 30(2), 9-9. Retrieved from http://ezproxy. aut. ac. nz/login? url=http://search. proquest. com/docview/862163216? accountid=8440 Boyles, T. (2005, November). All Hell breaking lose. PMQ Pizza Magazine. Retrieved from http://pmq. com/mag/2005november-december/allhell. php Domino’s Pizza. (2012). Menu. Retrieved from http://www. dominospizza. co. nz/menu/pizzas/ Franchiseek New Zealand. (n. d. ). Hell open franchise operation in the UK. Retrieved September 30, 2012, from http://www. franchiseek. com/NZ/NewsDetail. asp? NewsID=295 Hell Catering. (n. d. ) Home. Retrieved 29 September, 2012, from http://hellcatering. co. nz/ Hell Pizza (Producer). (2011, May 4). Hell Pizza: Hell Cross Bun [Television Advertisement]. Auckland, New Zealand: TV 3. Hell Pizza (Producer). (2012a, May 1). Hell Pizza: Pizza Roulette [Television Advertisement]. Auckland, New Zealand: TV 3. Hell’s Pizza. (2012). Hell’s Pizza Order. Retrieved from: https://hellpizza. com/nz/order Hell Pizza (2012b). Menu. Retrieved from http://hellpizza. com/nz/stores/menu-picker/menu/standard Hell’s Pizza. n. d. ). Retrieved September 17, 2012, from http://www. hellpizza. com/ Hurley, B. (2011, August 21). Hell Pizza director sells up. The New Zealand Herald. Retrieved from http://www. nzherald. co. nz/business/news/article. cfm? c_id=3objectid=10746463 Inject Design. (2011). About Us. Retrieved September 19, 2012, from http://injectdesign. co. nz/ iTunes. (2012). Hell Pizza. Retrieved September 17, from http://itunes. apple. com/nz/app/hell-pizza/id460256659? mt=8 Kotler, P. , Bowen, J. T. , Makens, J. C. (2010a). Marketing for Hospitality and Tourism (5th Ed. ). Upper Saddle River, NJ: Prentice Hall. Kotler, P. , Brown, How to cite Sales and Marketing Hell Pizza Report, Essay examples

The Death Penalty Essays (785 words) - Penology, Criminal Law

The Death Penalty In the past, people have invariably felt that if they had been wronged in some way, it was his or her right to take vengeance on the person that had wronged them. This mentality still exists, even today, but in a lesser form because the law has now outlined a person's rights and developed punishments that conform to those rights, yet allow for the retribution for their crime. However, some feel that those laws and punishments are too lax and criminals of today take advantage of them, ie. organized crime, knowing very well that the punishments for their crime, whether it be murder, theft, or any other number of criminal activities, will be so negligible that it may be well worth their risk. Although in the past, the number of crimes that were subjected to capital punishment, defined simply as the death penalty for a crime, were outrageous. Amendments were made to reflect the changes in the society's views on the morality of capital punishment. That resulted in the narrowing down of the list of one hundred crimes to twelve, punishable by the death penalty in 1833, and in 1869 it was cut down yet again to just three: treason, rape, and murder because of violent nature of these crimes. These crimes, even today, are still viewed as violent and should be punished with the highest degree of discipline available to achieve justice. After much public pressure, capital punishment was suspended on a trial run in 1967. This proved to be ineffective, because even though the law stipulated that crimes such as treason or the murder of law enforcement agents, were still to be subjected to the death penalty, the federal cabinet continued to commute those criminals from death to life sentences, hence the law was not being followed and justice was not being served. This soon was followed with capital punishment's abolishment in 1976, as a formal declaration of what was already happening or rather what was not happening. It is felt that because of this and the fact that there has not been an execution since 1967, that today's current form of punishments are no longer a sufficient deterrent for such serious crimes and have contributed to a ever rising crime rate. So, this is where the real issue of whether or not capital punishment should exist begins and such a controversial issue could be best understood if we looked at capital punishment in a perspective of how it fulfils or does not fulfil society's ideas of punishment : Is not one of the four fundamental objectives behind punishment retribution? The sentencing objective based on the principle of an-eye-for-an-eye, which means that what one person has done to another should also be done to that person in return. Is that not justified, especially in cases of premeditated murder of another human begin, another life? Does capital punishment not act as a deterrent? Does it not threaten with an imposition of a penalty for the commission of an act considered wrong by society? What about segregation? Does capital punishment remove criminals from society so that they cannot repeat their offence or commit other offences against society? Doesn't capital punishment follow the above three objectives well Most people would say it does. But then, of course, people who support the abolishment of capital punishment would ask about rehabilitation, the re-training of prisoners with an employable skill for use when they are released. Not only is it expensive to re-train and house criminals, but with some, it is just not possible, because they are hardened criminals and will not change. For those people, it is just not worth the effort and the taxpayers' money to even attempt to reform them. Also, another point to consider is that today prison terms are not enough. Many people are allowed out early on parole and/or remission resulting in criminals just serving one third of their prison terms and being released back into society. This type of quick release cannot adequately retribute someone's death nor deter others strongly enough from repeating the same offence that the criminals already have. As you can see, capital punishment fulfils our society's checklist of what a punishment should do, especially the objective of retribution. Many people who want capital punishment restored, have also clearly stated that without a suitable punishments for crimes, justice will never truly be served to those that have suffered damages or losses. People will think less and less of the law and start resorting to private law and order. This would not only create chaos but raise the crime rate further with people running around on private vendettas. Even with these facts and arguments, the federal government refuses

Irony Analysis of the Gift of the Magi Essays

Irony Analysis of the Gift of the Magi Essays Irony Analysis of the Gift of the Magi Paper Irony Analysis of the Gift of the Magi Paper Chase Tidmore Intro To Lit Analyst Ms. Sheperis 10/20/11 Irony Within â€Å"The Gift of the Magi† â€Å"Irony is a disciplinarian feared only by those who do not know it, but cherished by those who do†, Soren Kierkegaard knew what he was talking about when he said these famous words. â€Å"The Gift of the Magi†, written by William Sidney Porter, often known by his pen name O. Henry. It is a short story depicting literary elements of irony, romance, and Porters sense of twist endings, and is all about a poor couples Christmas. Because of the end results of Della and Jims sense of self sacrifice, â€Å"The Gift of the Magi† displays almost a word for word example of what irony is defined as. Irony is a rhetorical literary device, literary technique, or situation in which there is a sharp incongruity or discordance that goes beyond the simple and evident intention of words or actions. In this sense, the world irony would mean speech that means the opposite of what it is actually intended to be used. Irony could be broken into a few different categories: verbal irony (most commonly sarcasm), dramatic irony, and situational irony. For something like situational irony, the actions or events in a story will usually be enacted by a specific character and unbeknownst to the character, their action will have an effect that is completely opposite of their desired intentions. â€Å"Romeo and Juliet† was a great example of this, because the lovers tried to fake their deaths, only to actually die in the process (this is, of course, a very morbid example). Porter does a much better example of situational irony in â€Å"The Gift of the Magi† when he writes his twist ending to fit into ironic story at the end. The Gift of the Magi† is a great example of irony, situational irony to be specific. If one were to look again at what â€Å"situation irony† is, Merriam-Webster would define the term as â€Å" irony involving a situation in which actions have an effect that is opposite of what was intended, so that the outcome is contrary to what is expected†. This is laid out first when Della lear ns that Jim had bought her a beautiful set of tortoise shell combs with bejeweled rims for her (once) beautiful hair. This example is a textbook example of what situational irony is. Della had spent hours and hours looking for a way to make any money so that she could buy Jim the perfect gift, but the only way she could make any money was to get rid of her most prized possession: her hair. Leaving the story at this would have been a great romantic endeavor, but the author decided that he would display a masterful element to change the entire dynamic of the tale by having Jim bring home a set of beautiful combs for her. Now lets recap, situational irony is when actions that have an opposite of the intended effect. So with that definition repeated, the readers see that even though Author William Porter spent a majority of the story having Della selling her â€Å"rippling and shining. cascade of brown waters†, only so that her majestic combs be deemed useless. However, the ironic twists do not end with a set of tortoise shell combs. It has already been established that the irony was evident with Della gift from Jim, but what about his gift? Della sold her hair so she could buy a â€Å" platinum fob chain simple and chaste in design She sells her brown locks of hair so her husband can have the perfect accessory to his most prized possession, his generations old pocket watch. So Della may have a useless gift of combs that she can not use for her short hair, but at least she was able to get a great gift for Jim right? Before that is answered, do not forget that Porter spent a little time explaining that Jim only made 20 dollars a week. So how did he manage to buy the most beautiful set of c ombs when they were clearly out of reach of his budget? Simple, he sold his watch so he could get enough money, only to receive a chain for said watch. That was the irony train making its shipping route come in full circle. Once again, irony is an action that is that is opposite of its intentional effect. What the author presented the audience with is a young poor couple that literally sold their most prized possession, hair and a pocket watch respectively, out of love for one another, only to receive accessories for the very items they just sold. This is something that is usually only seen on TV sitcoms, for example, when two people wear the same outfit in an embarrassing fashion. It was clearly dumb luck (or misfortune, depending how the reader reads it) that on the same day each lover sheds their precious material good to do what they feel is more important, to make their respective spouse happy, no matter what. Situational irony is any actual irony involving a situation in which action have a have an effect that is opposite from what was intended, so that the outcome is contrary to what is expected. The situational irony set in place Porters world of Jim and Dellas house is almost tangible it is so obvious. What the audience has is a wife who sold her hair to buy a chain for a pocket watch, only to receive combs that were bought from the earnings of said sold watch. The story ends on a quirky note, a note that one might feel could be a deep and meaningful lesson in life. Jim tells Della of the ironic situation that they had put themselves into, only to follow up by asking her to put the pork chops on the oven for supper.

Frankenstein Summary

'Frankenstein' Summary Mary Shelley’s Frankenstein is a Gothic horror novel about a man named Victor Frankenstein who discovers the secret to creating life. He uses this knowledge to form a hideous monster, which becomes the source of his misery and demise. The novel is presented as an epistolary nested narrative, following the first-person accounts of Captain Walton, Victor Frankenstein, and the monster himself. Part 1: Walton’s Opening Letters The novel opens with Robert Walton’s letters to his sister Margaret Saville. Walton is a sea captain and a failed poet. He is traveling to the North Pole in pursuit of glory and has high hopes for geographical and scientific discoveries. On his journey, he spots what looks like a giant rushing by on a sledge; soon after, his ship passes an emaciated and frozen man floating on a slice of ice. The crew rescues the stranger, who reveals himself to be Victor Frankenstein. Walton is impressed with his wisdom and cultivation; they talk and Walton states that he would sacrifice his own life for the sake of a greater good, and for lasting glory. Frankenstein then launches into his own story as a warning of the dangers of such a life philosophy. Part 2: Frankenstein’s Story Frankenstein begins his tale with his happy upbringing in Geneva. His mother, Caroline Beaufort, is the daughter of a merchant and marries the older, reputable Alphonse Frankenstein. She is graceful and affectionate, and young Frankenstein has a wonderful childhood. He loves reading about the secrets of heaven and earth- natural philosophy, alchemy and the philosopher’s stone. He seeks glory and wishes to uncover the mystery of life. His close childhood friend, Henry Clerval, is his opposite; Clerval is curious about the moral relations of things, and is fascinated by tales of virtue and chivalry. Frankenstein’s parents adopt Elizabeth Lavenza, an orphaned child of Milanese nobility. Frankenstein and Elizabeth call each other cousin and are brought up together under the care of Justine Moritz, another orphan who serves as their nanny. Frankenstein praises Elizabeth much as he does his mother, describing her as saintly, and admiring her grace and beauty. Frankenstein’s mother dies of scarlet fever before he leaves for the University of Ingolstadt. In a state of heavy grief, he throws himself into his studies. He learns about chemistry and modern scientific theories. Eventually he discovers the cause of life- and he becomes capable of animating matter. He works in a feverish excitement to build a being in the likeness of a man, but proportionally larger. His dreams of beauty and fame are crushed when his finished creation is, in fact, monstrous and completely repulsive. Disgusted with what he has created, Frankenstein runs out of his house and happens upon Clerval, who has come to the University as a fellow student. They return to Frankenstein’s place, but the creature has escaped. Utterly overwhelmed, Victor falls into an intense sickness. Clerval nurses him back to health. Frankenstein eventually decides to travel home to Geneva once he recovers. He receives a letter from his father, which relays the tragedy that his younger brother, William, was murdered. Frankenstein and Henry return home, and upon reaching Geneva, Frankenstein goes for a walk to see for himself the place where William was killed. On his walk, he spies the gigantic creature in the distance. He realizes that the creature is responsible for the murder, but he is unable to prove his theory. Justine, who was framed by the monster, is convicted and hanged. Frankenstein is heartbroken. He turns to nature for isolation and perspective, and to forget his human problems. Out in the wilderness, the monster seeks him out to talk. Part 3: The Creature’s Tale The creature takes over the novel’s narrative and tells Frankenstein his life story. Soon after his birth, he realizes that all people are terrified of him and hateful towards him solely because of his appearance. Chased away by villagers throwing stones, he runs to the wilderness where he can hide from civilization. He finds a place to call home close by a cottage. A family of peasants lives there peacefully. The creature observes them daily and grows very fond of them. His empathy for humankind expands and he longs to join them. When they are sad, he is sad, and when they are happy, he is happy. He learns to speak through observation, and calls them by their names: Mr. De Lacey, his son Felix, his daughter Agatha, and Safie, Felixs love and the daughter of a ruined Turkish merchant. The creature teaches himself to read. With literature, he displays a human consciousness, facing the existential questions of who and what he is. He discovers his ugliness, and manages to disturb himself deeply when he spies his own reflection in a pool of water. But the monster still wants to make his presence known to the De Lacey family. He talks with the blind father until the other peasants come home and are terrified. They drive the creature away; he then journeys to Frankenstein’s home, and happens upon William in the wood. He wishes to befriend the boy, believing his youth would make him less prejudiced, but William is just as disgusted and fearful as anyone else. In a rage the monster strangles him and frames Justine for the murder. After completing his story, the creature asks Frankenstein to create a female companion with similar deformities. The creature has come to terms with the fact that he won’t be able to have any relationships with humans. He believes his malicious acts are a result of his isolation and rejection. He gives Frankenstein an ultimatum: the master will either deliver a creature companion or all he holds dear will be destroyed. Part 4: Frankenstein’s Conclusion Frankenstein again picks up the narrative. He and Elizabeth make their mutual love known. Frankenstein then travels to England with Henry, so that he can finish his engagement with the monster away from his family and friends before he marries Elizabeth. They travel together for some time, and then separate in Scotland; Frankenstein begins his work there. He believes the creature is stalking him and is plagued by what he promised to do, as he is convinced that creating a female creature would lead to a race of devils. Ultimately, he fails to deliver his promise, despite the creature confronting him. The creature threatens that he will be with Frankenstein on his wedding night, but Frankenstein will not create another monster. He journeys on to Ireland and is immediately imprisoned. The creature has strangled Clerval, and Frankenstein is believed to be the suspect. In jail, he becomes deathly ill for several months. His father comes to his rescue, and when the grand jury validates the proof that Frankenstein was on the Orkney Islands when Clerval was killed, he is liberated. He and his father travel home. He marries Elizabeth and prepares to battle the creature, remembering the monster’s threat. But while he is readying himself, the monster strangles Elizabeth to death. The creature escapes into the night, and shortly afterwards, Frankenstein’s father dies as well. Frankenstein is devastated, and he vows to find the creature and destroy him. He follows the monster up to the North Pole, where he comes across Walton’s expedition, and thus rejoins his narrative to the present. Part 5: Walton’s Concluding Letters Captain Walton ends the story as he began it. Walton’s ship is trapped in the ice, resulting in the deaths of some of his crewmen. He fears mutiny; many want him to turn southward as soon as the ship is free. He debates whether or not to forge ahead or turn back. Frankenstein urges him to move forward with his journey and tells him that glory comes at the price of sacrifice. Walton ultimately turns the ship around to return home, and Frankenstein passes away. The monster then appears to find his creator dead. He tells Walton of his plan to go as far north as possible and die so that the whole sordid affair can finally end.

Science Meets Real Life Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Science Meets Real Life - Essay Example By using the precepts of the scientific methods, it follows that critical thinking in essence is employed. This is not limited to the study of science but to all other disciplines which delves on sought-after solutions to problems. Through the testing and answering of personal questions which leads to plausible answers scientific thinking is used. This is in essence thinking correctly and coming up with reliable answers in most aspects in life. The process of scientific thinking and critical thinking is one and the same in practice and theory. It may only be within the grounds of who uses what wherein the difference lies but both are used by human beings regularly (Schafersman, 1997). Upon arriving at home and finding out that the light would not turn on begins the process of scientific inquiry. Faced with the recognition of a change within the surroundings of the house, the initial progression within the method was conceived, the acknowledgement of a problem. Simple logic suggests that one should exhaust efforts to locate and solve the problem. The mature thing to do is to remedy the dilemma sensibly and not be infantile about the situation. When a problem arises, it only becomes aggravated when not dealt with the utmost perception of common reason. In this case the problem encompasses a number of things. The fact that the lights would not turn on is the main problem. Second, it is already well within the night and I would be hesitant about calling a handyman for reasons that include, one, I would assume it is already past their working schedule and two, I have some confidence I may be able to solve the problem myself. Another problem that comes with it is that the problem is located in part of the house which is dark and would therefore be a further complication on the matter at hand. On this stage the most conceivable thing to do is to go back in memory and think of the most relevant details

Public and Private Culture Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Public and Private Culture - Essay Example There is a great danger of limiting one self to the boundaries of home just like a caterpillar in a cocoon for the rest of its life. The world is a garden of different flowers with various colors, aroma, beauty, and form that needs to tread and the school is just one among the many forms that we dip our feet into. One gets educated not to stay home and encapsulate himself/herself to the four corners of knowledge rather, a person moves out of the home, from the school, educated and fully equipped to conquer the world not with guns and wars but with the knowledge and skills to a better today. It should be an educated college student’s goal to be propelled to the world outside the home, family or culture where there is much to be discovered and even more to be had. Miss Moore’s effort in â€Å"The Lesson† to draw the children from their little world to go out and look at the big picture is highly commendable especially with her effort to bring them out from their li mited knowledge as their poverty allows them to have. There is a lot to learn and so many times, one is not fully equipped with the needed knowledge and skill to perform well in the society like Miss Moore despite the education that she claimed. Understanding the many facets of society by considering different cultures as well as the different roles of every individual gives a better view and comprehension of one’s rights as well as responsibilities.It is quite impossible to separate private from public culture just as it is difficult to separate public from private life.